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Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 — Building and Other Construction Workers’ Welfare Cess Act, 1996 — Applicability — Cess could not be levied or collected before the constitution of Welfare Boards, as their constitution is a condition precedent for the implementation of these Acts. Haryana Development and Regulation of Urban Areas Act, 1975 — Section 3(3A) — Amendment Act, 2020 — Retrospective validation of actions — Power to grant license includes power to modify, suspend, revoke, or delicense — Delicensing of land for commercial purposes after it was initially licensed for residential use is permissible. Factories Act, 1948 — Section 59(2) — Overtime wages calculation — “Ordinary rate of wages” — Includes basic wages plus all allowances worker is entitled to, excluding only bonus and overtime wages — Compensatory allowances like House Rent Allowance (HRA), Transport Allowance (TA), Clothing and Washing Allowance (CWA), and Small Family Allowance (SFA) are includible. Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 142 — Dissolution of marriage — Irretrievable breakdown — Supreme Court can dissolve marriage in exercise of extraordinary powers under Article 142 when marriage has irretrievably broken down, even if one party opposes it, to do complete justice. Factors to consider include period of cohabitation, separation, nature of allegations, attempts at reconciliation, and economic/social status. (Paras 4, 10, 11, 11.1, 11.2, 13, 15, 20, 26) Government Service — Recruitment — Challenge to Selection Process — A candidate who participates in a selection process without protest cannot challenge the rules or method of selection after being declared unsuccessful.

Constitution Labour Cases

Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 — Building and Other Construction Workers’ Welfare Cess Act, 1996 — Applicability — Cess could not be levied or collected before the constitution of Welfare Boards, as their constitution is a condition precedent for the implementation of these Acts.

Jan 21, 2026 sclaw

Land Acquisition

Haryana Development and Regulation of Urban Areas Act, 1975 — Section 3(3A) — Amendment Act, 2020 — Retrospective validation of actions — Power to grant license includes power to modify, suspend, revoke, or delicense — Delicensing of land for commercial purposes after it was initially licensed for residential use is permissible.

Jan 21, 2026 sclaw

Constitution Labour Cases

Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 — Building and Other Construction Workers’ Welfare Cess Act, 1996 — Applicability — Cess could not be levied or collected before the constitution of Welfare Boards, as their constitution is a condition precedent for the implementation of these Acts.

Jan 21, 2026 sclaw

Land Acquisition

Haryana Development and Regulation of Urban Areas Act, 1975 — Section 3(3A) — Amendment Act, 2020 — Retrospective validation of actions — Power to grant license includes power to modify, suspend, revoke, or delicense — Delicensing of land for commercial purposes after it was initially licensed for residential use is permissible.

Jan 21, 2026 sclaw

Factories Act, 1948 — Section 59(2) — Overtime wages calculation — “Ordinary rate of wages” — Includes basic wages plus all allowances worker is entitled to, excluding only bonus and overtime wages — Compensatory allowances like House Rent Allowance (HRA), Transport Allowance (TA), Clothing and Washing Allowance (CWA), and Small Family Allowance (SFA) are includible.

Jan 21, 2026 sclaw

Constitution Matrimonial

Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 142 — Dissolution of marriage — Irretrievable breakdown — Supreme Court can dissolve marriage in exercise of extraordinary powers under Article 142 when marriage has irretrievably broken down, even if one party opposes it, to do complete justice. Factors to consider include period of cohabitation, separation, nature of allegations, attempts at reconciliation, and economic/social status. (Paras 4, 10, 11, 11.1, 11.2, 13, 15, 20, 26)

Jan 21, 2026 sclaw

Government Service — Recruitment — Challenge to Selection Process — A candidate who participates in a selection process without protest cannot challenge the rules or method of selection after being declared unsuccessful.

Jan 20, 2026 sclaw

Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 — Building and Other Construction Workers’ Welfare Cess Act, 1996 — Applicability — Cess could not be levied or collected before the constitution of Welfare Boards, as their constitution is a condition precedent for the implementation of these Acts.

Constitution Labour Cases

Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 — Building and Other Construction Workers’ Welfare Cess Act, 1996 — Applicability — Cess could not be levied or collected before the constitution of Welfare Boards, as their constitution is a condition precedent for the implementation of these Acts.

Haryana Development and Regulation of Urban Areas Act, 1975 — Section 3(3A) — Amendment Act, 2020 — Retrospective validation of actions — Power to grant license includes power to modify, suspend, revoke, or delicense — Delicensing of land for commercial purposes after it was initially licensed for residential use is permissible.

Land Acquisition

Haryana Development and Regulation of Urban Areas Act, 1975 — Section 3(3A) — Amendment Act, 2020 — Retrospective validation of actions — Power to grant license includes power to modify, suspend, revoke, or delicense — Delicensing of land for commercial purposes after it was initially licensed for residential use is permissible.

Factories Act, 1948 — Section 59(2) — Overtime wages calculation — “Ordinary rate of wages” — Includes basic wages plus all allowances worker is entitled to, excluding only bonus and overtime wages — Compensatory allowances like House Rent Allowance (HRA), Transport Allowance (TA), Clothing and Washing Allowance (CWA), and Small Family Allowance (SFA) are includible.

Factories Act, 1948 — Section 59(2) — Overtime wages calculation — “Ordinary rate of wages” — Includes basic wages plus all allowances worker is entitled to, excluding only bonus and overtime wages — Compensatory allowances like House Rent Allowance (HRA), Transport Allowance (TA), Clothing and Washing Allowance (CWA), and Small Family Allowance (SFA) are includible.

Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 142 — Dissolution of marriage — Irretrievable breakdown — Supreme Court can dissolve marriage in exercise of extraordinary powers under Article 142 when marriage has irretrievably broken down, even if one party opposes it, to do complete justice. Factors to consider include period of cohabitation, separation, nature of allegations, attempts at reconciliation, and economic/social status. (Paras 4, 10, 11, 11.1, 11.2, 13, 15, 20, 26)

Constitution Matrimonial

Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 142 — Dissolution of marriage — Irretrievable breakdown — Supreme Court can dissolve marriage in exercise of extraordinary powers under Article 142 when marriage has irretrievably broken down, even if one party opposes it, to do complete justice. Factors to consider include period of cohabitation, separation, nature of allegations, attempts at reconciliation, and economic/social status. (Paras 4, 10, 11, 11.1, 11.2, 13, 15, 20, 26)

Army Rules, 1954 – Rule 13(3)(III)(v) – Discharge from service – Offences for which the red ink entries are awarded, cannot be said to be such gross misconduct which would make the appellant indiscipline and liable to be discharged from service and that too, after a period of long service rendered by him – Order of discharge is wholly unjustified and not sustainable at law – Appeal allowed.

Army Rules, 1954 – Rule 13(3)(III)(v) – Discharge from service – Offences for which the red ink entries are awarded, cannot be said to be such gross misconduct which would make the appellant indiscipline and liable to be discharged from service and that too, after a period of long service rendered by him – Order of discharge is wholly unjustified and not sustainable at law – Appeal allowed.

(IPC) – Section 409 – Criminal breach of trust by public servant, or by banker, merchant or agent -‘criminal breach of trust’ is defined under Section 405 IPC which provides, inter alia, that whoever being in any manner entrusted with property or with any dominion over a property, dishonestly misappropriates or converts to his own use that property, or dishonestly uses or disposes of that property contrary to law, or in violation of any law prescribing the mode in which such trust is to be discharged, or contravenes any legal contract, express or implied, etc. shall be held to have committed criminal breach of trust

(IPC) – Section 409 – Criminal breach of trust by public servant, or by banker, merchant or agent -‘criminal breach of trust’ is defined under Section 405 IPC which provides, inter alia, that whoever being in any manner entrusted with property or with any dominion over a property, dishonestly misappropriates or converts to his own use that property, or dishonestly uses or disposes of that property contrary to law, or in violation of any law prescribing the mode in which such trust is to be discharged, or contravenes any legal contract, express or implied, etc. shall be held to have committed criminal breach of trust

Consumer Protection Act, 1986 – Section 2(d)(ii) – Deficiency in service – Any loss arising out of inaction and negligence on the part of the Bank, such deficiency is compensable under the provisions of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986

Consumer Protection Act, 1986 – Section 2(d)(ii) – Deficiency in service – Any loss arising out of inaction and negligence on the part of the Bank, such deficiency is compensable under the provisions of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986

Termination–Reservation–In advertisement, authorities failed to mention in regard to reservation for handicapped person at the outset–Appellants who were handicapped person were appointed–On Contempt petition State cancelled the selection and terminated the service–Service restored with backwages.

Termination–Reservation–In advertisement, authorities failed to mention in regard to reservation for handicapped person at the outset–Appellants who were handicapped person were appointed–On Contempt petition State cancelled the selection and terminated the service–Service restored with backwages.

Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 — Building and Other Construction Workers’ Welfare Cess Act, 1996 — Applicability — Cess could not be levied or collected before the constitution of Welfare Boards, as their constitution is a condition precedent for the implementation of these Acts.

Constitution Labour Cases

Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 — Building and Other Construction Workers’ Welfare Cess Act, 1996 — Applicability — Cess could not be levied or collected before the constitution of Welfare Boards, as their constitution is a condition precedent for the implementation of these Acts.

Haryana Development and Regulation of Urban Areas Act, 1975 — Section 3(3A) — Amendment Act, 2020 — Retrospective validation of actions — Power to grant license includes power to modify, suspend, revoke, or delicense — Delicensing of land for commercial purposes after it was initially licensed for residential use is permissible.

Land Acquisition

Haryana Development and Regulation of Urban Areas Act, 1975 — Section 3(3A) — Amendment Act, 2020 — Retrospective validation of actions — Power to grant license includes power to modify, suspend, revoke, or delicense — Delicensing of land for commercial purposes after it was initially licensed for residential use is permissible.

Factories Act, 1948 — Section 59(2) — Overtime wages calculation — “Ordinary rate of wages” — Includes basic wages plus all allowances worker is entitled to, excluding only bonus and overtime wages — Compensatory allowances like House Rent Allowance (HRA), Transport Allowance (TA), Clothing and Washing Allowance (CWA), and Small Family Allowance (SFA) are includible.

Factories Act, 1948 — Section 59(2) — Overtime wages calculation — “Ordinary rate of wages” — Includes basic wages plus all allowances worker is entitled to, excluding only bonus and overtime wages — Compensatory allowances like House Rent Allowance (HRA), Transport Allowance (TA), Clothing and Washing Allowance (CWA), and Small Family Allowance (SFA) are includible.

Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 142 — Dissolution of marriage — Irretrievable breakdown — Supreme Court can dissolve marriage in exercise of extraordinary powers under Article 142 when marriage has irretrievably broken down, even if one party opposes it, to do complete justice. Factors to consider include period of cohabitation, separation, nature of allegations, attempts at reconciliation, and economic/social status. (Paras 4, 10, 11, 11.1, 11.2, 13, 15, 20, 26)

Constitution Matrimonial

Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 142 — Dissolution of marriage — Irretrievable breakdown — Supreme Court can dissolve marriage in exercise of extraordinary powers under Article 142 when marriage has irretrievably broken down, even if one party opposes it, to do complete justice. Factors to consider include period of cohabitation, separation, nature of allegations, attempts at reconciliation, and economic/social status. (Paras 4, 10, 11, 11.1, 11.2, 13, 15, 20, 26)

Service Matters

Court has construed the provisions of Section 7 of the Punjab Privately Managed Recognised Schools Employees (Security of Service) Act, 1979 and has laid down that under the said section in the matter of pay scales and dearness allowance parity has been granted to teachers working in the privately managed schools with the teachers working in the government schools and that other conditions of services relating to the teachers working in the government schools were not extended to teachers employed in privately managed schools.

Apr 23, 2017 sclaw

(1998) 9 JT 460 : (1997) 11 SCC 202 : (1998) SCC(L&S) 113 SUPREME COURT OF INDIA STATE OF PUNJAB AND ANOTHER — Appellant Vs. SATISH KUMAR DUGGAL AND…

Penal Code, 1860 (IPC)-Sections 300 and 304 Part I – Murder or culpable homicide – Determination – Accused assaulted deceased in sudden fight and after giving one blow took to his heels – He not acted in cruel or unusual manner –

Apr 23, 2017 sclaw

(1996) 6 AD 418 : AIR 1996 SC 3513 : (1996) CriLJ 4142 : (1996) 3 Crimes 258 : (1996) 7 JT 644 : (1996) 6 SCALE 315 :…

Property Matters

Pepsu Tenancy and Agricultural Lands Act, 1955 – Section – 7A, 7A(2), 7A(1), 22 – Civil Procedure Code, 1908 (CPC) – Section – 11 – Ejectment of the tenant – A tenant, by operation of Section 22 acquires right to purchase proprietary rights of the landlord –

Apr 23, 2017 sclaw

(1996) 9 JT 135 : (1996) 8 SCALE 327 : (1997) 11 SCC 206 : (1996) 7 SCR 421 Supp : (1997) 1 UJ 421 SUPREME COURT OF INDIA…

Service Matters

In the absence of any scheme of regularisation and in the absence of any regular work being available for the posts of which the respondents claim regularisation, we do not see how the Tribunal could have granted any order directing regularisation of the services of the respondents.

Apr 23, 2017 sclaw

(1998) 9 JT 272 : (1997) 11 SCC 228 : (1998) SCC(L&S) 122 SUPREME COURT OF INDIA UNION OF INDIA (UOI) — Appellant Vs. UMA MAHESWARI AND OTHERS —…

Arbitration Act, 1940 – Section 30 – Arbitrator – Appointment of – Dispute relating to contract for construction of quarters – Erstwhile officer of undertaking who had dealt with matter and had correspondence with contractor at relevant time cannot continue as arbitrator – Proposal not fair to either party.

Apr 23, 2017 sclaw

AIR 2001 SC 1179 : (2001) 3 JT 293 : (2001) 2 SCALE 159 : (1995) 1 SCALE 705 : (2001) 4 SCC 86 : (2001) 1 SCR 1152…

Words and phrases – Proceedings – Includes proceedings at appellate stage – The legal pursuit of a remedy, suit appeal and second appeal are really steps in a series of proceedings all connected by an intrinsic unity and are to be regarded as one legal proceeding.

Apr 23, 2017 sclaw

AIR 1999 SC 999 : (1999) 152 CTR 172 : (1999) 111 ELT 4 : (1999) 236 ITR 691 : (1999) 1 JT 481 : (1999) 1 SCALE 485 :…

General Clauses Act, 1897 – Section 6 – Repeal – Effect on pending proceedings – Procedure for pending applications – In the absence of a saving clause the old statute stands completely obliterated from the statute book except for past or saved actions.

Apr 23, 2017 sclaw

(1996) 7 AD 490 : AIR 1997 SC 412 : (1996) 8 JT 356 : (1996) 7 SCALE 31 : (1997) 1 SCC 650 : (1996) 6 SCR 172…

Contempt of Court – Scandalising the Court – A Sub-committee of Bar on Judicial Accountability making contemptuous statement tending to scandalise the Court and interfering with due course of justice –

Apr 23, 2017 sclaw

AIR 1995 SC 573 : (1994) 4 SCALE 635 : (1995) 1 SCC 3 : (1994) 4 SCR 642 Supp SUPREME COURT OF INDIA RAJIV K. GARG AND OTHERS…

Witness – Interested witness – Remote enmity of the witness with the accused is not sufficient to discard the evidence.

Apr 23, 2017 sclaw

AIR 1991 SC 452 : (1991) CriLJ 525(1) : (1991) 1 Crimes 453 : (1991) 5 JT 112 : (1991) 1 SCALE 23 : (1991) 2 SCC 225 SUPREME…

General Clauses Act, 1897 – Section 5 – Central Act – Date of enforcement – No specified date mentioned from which Act comes into force – In such case, Act comes into operation on the day on which it receives President’s assent. Section 5 is applicable only when the Act does not express any date with effect from which the Act would come into force. It will apply to such cases where there is no provision like Section 1(3) of the Act or Section 1(2) of the 44th Constitutional Amendment.

Apr 23, 2017 sclaw

AIR 2003 SC 4493 : (2003) 2 JT 270 Supp : (2003) 8 SCALE 463 : (2003) 8 SCC 250 : (2003) 4 SCR 471 Supp SUPREME COURT OF…

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Constitution Labour Cases

Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 — Building and Other Construction Workers’ Welfare Cess Act, 1996 — Applicability — Cess could not be levied or collected before the constitution of Welfare Boards, as their constitution is a condition precedent for the implementation of these Acts.

Jan 21, 2026 sclaw

Land Acquisition

Haryana Development and Regulation of Urban Areas Act, 1975 — Section 3(3A) — Amendment Act, 2020 — Retrospective validation of actions — Power to grant license includes power to modify, suspend, revoke, or delicense — Delicensing of land for commercial purposes after it was initially licensed for residential use is permissible.

Jan 21, 2026 sclaw

Factories Act, 1948 — Section 59(2) — Overtime wages calculation — “Ordinary rate of wages” — Includes basic wages plus all allowances worker is entitled to, excluding only bonus and overtime wages — Compensatory allowances like House Rent Allowance (HRA), Transport Allowance (TA), Clothing and Washing Allowance (CWA), and Small Family Allowance (SFA) are includible.

Jan 21, 2026 sclaw

Constitution Matrimonial

Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 142 — Dissolution of marriage — Irretrievable breakdown — Supreme Court can dissolve marriage in exercise of extraordinary powers under Article 142 when marriage has irretrievably broken down, even if one party opposes it, to do complete justice. Factors to consider include period of cohabitation, separation, nature of allegations, attempts at reconciliation, and economic/social status. (Paras 4, 10, 11, 11.1, 11.2, 13, 15, 20, 26)

Jan 21, 2026 sclaw