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Succession Act, 1925 — Section 263 — Revocation of probate — Limitation — No specific period of limitation prescribed for application for revocation of probate — Article 137 of Limitation Act, 1963 applies — Right to apply accrues when applicant has knowledge of the facts justifying revocation. Uttar Pradesh Urban Building (Regulation of Letting, Rent and Eviction) Act, 1972 — Section 21(8), Proviso — Enhancement of rent — Application for enhancement of rent under the proviso to Section 21(8) is permissible and maintainable. Evidence Act, 1872 — Section 112 — Presumption of legitimacy — DNA test can be directed to determine paternity only when there is sufficient prima facie material to dislodge the presumption under Section 112.– Section 114(h) — Adverse inference — Not applicable at the stage where the Court is considering the need for a DNA test. Constitution of India, 1950 — Articles 21, 32, 226 — Illegal detention — Definition — Illegal detention may be defined as the deprivation of liberty by the State without lawful authority or in violation of provisions of the Constitution — It involves actual custody such that the individual is not free to leave — The detention must lack a valid legal basis, including situations where authority is void or expired — Even where a law permits detention, it becomes illegal if the procedure followed is not just, fair and reasonable, including failure to observe essential safeguards — Also covers situations where the power to detain is exercised arbitrarily, for an improper purpose, or in bad faith. Andhra Pradesh Charitable and Hindu Religious Institutions and Endowments Act, 1987 (1987 Act) — Section 51(2) — Principles of Natural Justice — Failure to supply charge memo and supporting documents to the appellant — Enquiry conducted ex-parte — Order of removal vitiated — High Court erred in holding that opportunity at show cause stage cured the defects — Supreme Court set aside the removal order, confirmation order, and enquiry report.

Indian Penal Code, 1860, S.302–Murder–Fixed period of sentence-High court is empowered to impose a fixed term sentence—Contention that when IPC provides for only two punishments i.e. imprisonments for life or death, the court cannot introduce a third category of punishment, rejected

2016(5) Law Herald (P&H) 3885 (SC) : 2016 LawHerald.Org 1920 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA Before The Hon’ble Mr. Justice Dipak Misra The Hon’ble Mr. Justice C. Nagappan Criminal…

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