Supreme Court of India Judgements

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Income Tax Act, 1961 — Section 147 and 148 — Reopening of assessment — Validity — Tangible material — Change of opinion — Assessing Officer has no power to review an assessment; reassessment must be based on tangible material, not a mere change of opinion — The discovery of fresh information during a survey, which reveals the true nature of a transaction and suggests income has escaped assessment, can form the basis for reopening an assessment, even if certain disclosures were made during the original assessment. Wife’s pursuit of professional career and desire to provide safe environment for child are not grounds for cruelty or desertion. -Family Law — Divorce — Grounds — Cruelty and Desertion — Wife’s pursuit of professional career and desire to provide safe environment for child are not grounds for cruelty or desertion. Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 19(1)(a) and Article 21A — Right to education — Medium of instruction — Freedom of speech and expression includes the right to receive information in a comprehensible manner — Education must be imparted in a language that the child understands best — Right to primary education in a language of choice is part of freedom of speech and expression — State cannot impose controls on such choice. Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 — Compensation — Enhancement — Deceased was an engineering student with good academic record and potential future earnings — High Court enhanced compensation but it was found to be on the lower side — The Supreme Court assessed the monthly income at Rs. 12,000/-, added 40% for future prospects, deducted half for personal expenses, and applied a multiplier of 18 — Compensation under conventional heads was also enhanced — The motorcycle damage was awarded as per the surveyor’s report. . Canara Bank Officer Employees’ (Discipline and Appeal) Regulations, 1976 — Regulation 10 — Common Proceedings — The word “may” in Regulation 10, which empowers the competent authority to direct common disciplinary proceedings against multiple employees, is directory and not mandatory — This interpretation allows for discretion to be exercised by the employer based on the circumstances and the varying roles of the employees involved — The failure to hold a joint inquiry does not automatically vitiate individual disciplinary proceedings.
Direct Taxation Income Tax Act

Income Tax Act, 1961 — Section 147 and 148 — Reopening of assessment — Validity — Tangible material — Change of opinion — Assessing Officer has no power to review an assessment; reassessment must be based on tangible material, not a mere change of opinion — The discovery of fresh information during a survey, which reveals the true nature of a transaction and suggests income has escaped assessment, can form the basis for reopening an assessment, even if certain disclosures were made during the original assessment.

May 14, 2026 sclaw
Income Tax Act, 1961 — Section 147 and 148 — Reopening of assessment — Validity — Tangible material — Change of opinion — Assessing Officer has no power to review an assessment; reassessment must be based on tangible material, not a mere change of opinion — The discovery of fresh information during a survey, which reveals the true nature of a transaction and suggests income has escaped assessment, can form the basis for reopening an assessment, even if certain disclosures were made during the original assessment.
Direct Taxation Income Tax Act
Income Tax Act, 1961 — Section 147 and 148 — Reopening of assessment — Validity — Tangible material — Change of opinion — Assessing Officer has no power to review an assessment; reassessment must be based on tangible material, not a mere change of opinion — The discovery of fresh information during a survey, which reveals the true nature of a transaction and suggests income has escaped assessment, can form the basis for reopening an assessment, even if certain disclosures were made during the original assessment.
Wife’s pursuit of professional career and desire to provide safe environment for child are not grounds for cruelty or desertion. -Family Law — Divorce — Grounds — Cruelty and Desertion — Wife’s pursuit of professional career and desire to provide safe environment for child are not grounds for cruelty or desertion.
Matrimonial
Wife’s pursuit of professional career and desire to provide safe environment for child are not grounds for cruelty or desertion. -Family Law — Divorce — Grounds — Cruelty and Desertion — Wife’s pursuit of professional career and desire to provide safe environment for child are not grounds for cruelty or desertion.
Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 19(1)(a) and Article 21A — Right to education — Medium of instruction — Freedom of speech and expression includes the right to receive information in a comprehensible manner — Education must be imparted in a language that the child understands best — Right to primary education in a language of choice is part of freedom of speech and expression — State cannot impose controls on such choice.
Constitution Education
Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 19(1)(a) and Article 21A — Right to education — Medium of instruction — Freedom of speech and expression includes the right to receive information in a comprehensible manner — Education must be imparted in a language that the child understands best — Right to primary education in a language of choice is part of freedom of speech and expression — State cannot impose controls on such choice.
Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 — Compensation — Enhancement — Deceased was an engineering student with good academic record and potential future earnings — High Court enhanced compensation but it was found to be on the lower side — The Supreme Court assessed the monthly income at Rs. 12,000/-, added 40% for future prospects, deducted half for personal expenses, and applied a multiplier of 18 — Compensation under conventional heads was also enhanced — The motorcycle damage was awarded as per the surveyor’s report.
Accident
Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 — Compensation — Enhancement — Deceased was an engineering student with good academic record and potential future earnings — High Court enhanced compensation but it was found to be on the lower side — The Supreme Court assessed the monthly income at Rs. 12,000/-, added 40% for future prospects, deducted half for personal expenses, and applied a multiplier of 18 — Compensation under conventional heads was also enhanced — The motorcycle damage was awarded as per the surveyor’s report.
Accident

The application for condonation of delay was rejected by Single Judge of the High Court. The Supreme Court, however, allowed the application with the direction to deposit the claim amount and case remitted to the High Court. On remand no notice shall be issued to the claimants. The claimants shall appropriate the amount deposited by the appellant

Jun 19, 2017 sclaw

  (2000) ACJ 1037 : (2000) 7 JT 575 : (2000) 9 SCC 218 SUPREME COURT OF INDIA NATIONAL INSURANCE CO. LTD., JODHPUR — Appellant Vs. BHAGU DEVI AND OTHERS…

Bail Declined

It is necessary for Courts dealing with application for bail to consider nature of accusation and severity of punishment in case of conviction and nature of supporting evidence, reasonable apprehension of tampering of witness or apprehension of threat to complainant, prima facie satisfaction of Court in support of charge – Any order de hors such reasons suffers from non-application of mind – High Court was not justified in granting bail to Respondent No. 2 – Order granting bail set aside.

Jun 19, 2017 sclaw

  AIR 2009 SC 94 : (2008) 11 JT 372 : (2008) 13 SCALE 460 SUPREME COURT OF INDIA LOKESH SINGH — Appellant Vs. STATE OF U.P. AND ANOTHER —…

Dowry Death

Prosecution proved by cogent evidence adduced – Appellants by series of act and conduct created a difficult and hostile environment for deceased that she was compelled to commit suicide – There is direct and reasonable nexus with commission of suicide by deceased with acts of cruelty to which deceased was subjected to by appellant – High Court rightly upheld conviction of appellants under Section 306 and Section 498A IPC.

Jun 19, 2017 sclaw

  AIR 2006 SC 2002 : (2006) CriLJ 2881 : (2006) 1 DMC 853 : (2006) 11 JT 260 : (2006) 5 SCALE 172 : (2006) 9 SCC 794 :…

Acquittal

Penal Code, 1860 (IPC) – Sections 302/34 – Murder – Circumstantial evidence – Prosecution is to prove all links in the chain by leading evidence – Prosecution case that another person involved in the case, whose name never figured during investigation, was not arrested – Evidence of “last seen” with deceased not trustworthy for the reason that a businessman would not ordinarily go to a small shop to take tea with a rickshaw puller

Jun 18, 2017 sclaw

  AIR 2006 SC 2242 : (2006) CriLJ 2920 : (2006) 11 JT 298 : (2006) 5 SCALE 467 : (2006) 10 SCC 182 : (2006) 2 SCR 881 Supp…

Murder

Penal Code, 1860 (IPC) – Sections 147, 148, 341, 447, 302 read with 109, 149 – Murder – Deceased a coparcener had a dispute over ownership of land with appellant – Witnesses accompanying appellants made categorical statement that they had gone to scene of offence with a view to prevent appellants from causing obstructions to ploughing of land by deceased

Jun 18, 2017 sclaw

  AIR 2006 SC 2419 : (2006) CriLJ 2931 : (2006) 5 JT 419 : (2006) 5 SCALE 331 : (2006) 10 SCC 157 : (2006) 1 SCR 947 Supp…

I P C

Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 (CrPC) – Section 482 – Penal Code, 1860 (IPC) – Section 306 – Quashing of proceedings – Offence of abetment of suicide – Suicidal note clearly referring to acts of accused and role played by them – It clearly refers to background in which victim took extreme step of taking away his life by committing suicide – High Court rightly refused to quash proceedings.

Jun 17, 2017 sclaw

  AIR 2008 SC 527 : (2008) 106 CLT 313 : (2008) CriLJ 724 : (2007) 13 JT 166 : (2007) 3 SCALE 535 : (2008) 2 SCC 403 :…

You missed

Direct Taxation Income Tax Act

Income Tax Act, 1961 — Section 147 and 148 — Reopening of assessment — Validity — Tangible material — Change of opinion — Assessing Officer has no power to review an assessment; reassessment must be based on tangible material, not a mere change of opinion — The discovery of fresh information during a survey, which reveals the true nature of a transaction and suggests income has escaped assessment, can form the basis for reopening an assessment, even if certain disclosures were made during the original assessment.

May 14, 2026 sclaw
Matrimonial

Wife’s pursuit of professional career and desire to provide safe environment for child are not grounds for cruelty or desertion. -Family Law — Divorce — Grounds — Cruelty and Desertion — Wife’s pursuit of professional career and desire to provide safe environment for child are not grounds for cruelty or desertion.

May 14, 2026 sclaw
Constitution Education

Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 19(1)(a) and Article 21A — Right to education — Medium of instruction — Freedom of speech and expression includes the right to receive information in a comprehensible manner — Education must be imparted in a language that the child understands best — Right to primary education in a language of choice is part of freedom of speech and expression — State cannot impose controls on such choice.

May 14, 2026 sclaw
Accident

Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 — Compensation — Enhancement — Deceased was an engineering student with good academic record and potential future earnings — High Court enhanced compensation but it was found to be on the lower side — The Supreme Court assessed the monthly income at Rs. 12,000/-, added 40% for future prospects, deducted half for personal expenses, and applied a multiplier of 18 — Compensation under conventional heads was also enhanced — The motorcycle damage was awarded as per the surveyor’s report.

May 14, 2026 sclaw