Supreme Court of India Judgements

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Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 — Section 129 — Detention, seizure and release of goods and conveyances in transit — Show cause notice — Payment of penalty — Obligation to pass final order — Where a show cause notice is issued under Section 129(3) of the CGST Act and the taxable person files objections against the proposed levy, the proper officer is duty-bound to pass a reasoned, speaking order under Section 129(3), even if the penalty is paid. Such an order is crucial for enabling the taxpayer to exercise their statutory right of appeal under Section 107 of the CGST Act. Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 (CrPC) — Section 174 — Inquiry by Police into cause of unnatural death — Requirement of fair and impartial investigation — Evidence considered — Inconsistencies in CCTV footage, suspicious medical findings, and failure to preserve crucial forensic evidence indicated failures in local investigation. Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 — Section 156(3) — FIR Registration — Application to Magistrate without approaching Police/SP — While a Magistrate ought not ordinarily entertain an application under Section 156(3) CrPC directly without the informant having availed and exhausted remedies under Section 154(3) CrPC, the Magistrate is competent to direct FIR registration if allegations disclose cognizable offence — Such an order is not without jurisdiction and not vitiated on this count, but it is a procedural irregularity. Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 170(3) — Proviso — Readjustment of seats in Legislative Assemblies — Constitutional bar on readjustment of seats in State Legislative Assemblies until publication of census data after 2026 — Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014, Section 26 — Increase in seats subject to Article 170(3) — Petitioners’ claim for delimitation in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana dismissed as it contravened constitutional mandate. Insurance Law — Motor Insurance Policy — Guidelines (IMT) — Guidelines issued by the Tariff Advisory Committee (IMT) regulate the issuance of policies but cannot bind the insured unless specified in the insurance policy itself. – – Personal Accident Cover — Contractual liability — Claim based on personal accident cover is a contractual liability, not a statutory one — The question is whether the liability was limited or not, which depends on the terms specified in the policy.
G S T

Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 — Section 129 — Detention, seizure and release of goods and conveyances in transit — Show cause notice — Payment of penalty — Obligation to pass final order — Where a show cause notice is issued under Section 129(3) of the CGST Act and the taxable person files objections against the proposed levy, the proper officer is duty-bound to pass a reasoned, speaking order under Section 129(3), even if the penalty is paid. Such an order is crucial for enabling the taxpayer to exercise their statutory right of appeal under Section 107 of the CGST Act.

Jul 27, 2025 sclaw
Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 — Section 129 — Detention, seizure and release of goods and conveyances in transit — Show cause notice — Payment of penalty — Obligation to pass final order — Where a show cause notice is issued under Section 129(3) of the CGST Act and the taxable person files objections against the proposed levy, the proper officer is duty-bound to pass a reasoned, speaking order under Section 129(3), even if the penalty is paid. Such an order is crucial for enabling the taxpayer to exercise their statutory right of appeal under Section 107 of the CGST Act.
G S T
Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 — Section 129 — Detention, seizure and release of goods and conveyances in transit — Show cause notice — Payment of penalty — Obligation to pass final order — Where a show cause notice is issued under Section 129(3) of the CGST Act and the taxable person files objections against the proposed levy, the proper officer is duty-bound to pass a reasoned, speaking order under Section 129(3), even if the penalty is paid. Such an order is crucial for enabling the taxpayer to exercise their statutory right of appeal under Section 107 of the CGST Act.
Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 (CrPC) — Section 174 — Inquiry by Police into cause of unnatural death — Requirement of fair and impartial investigation — Evidence considered — Inconsistencies in CCTV footage, suspicious medical findings, and failure to preserve crucial forensic evidence indicated failures in local investigation.
Cr P C
Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 (CrPC) — Section 174 — Inquiry by Police into cause of unnatural death — Requirement of fair and impartial investigation — Evidence considered — Inconsistencies in CCTV footage, suspicious medical findings, and failure to preserve crucial forensic evidence indicated failures in local investigation.
Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 — Section 156(3) — FIR Registration — Application to Magistrate without approaching Police/SP — While a Magistrate ought not ordinarily entertain an application under Section 156(3) CrPC directly without the informant having availed and exhausted remedies under Section 154(3) CrPC, the Magistrate is competent to direct FIR registration if allegations disclose cognizable offence — Such an order is not without jurisdiction and not vitiated on this count, but it is a procedural irregularity.
Cr P C
Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 — Section 156(3) — FIR Registration — Application to Magistrate without approaching Police/SP — While a Magistrate ought not ordinarily entertain an application under Section 156(3) CrPC directly without the informant having availed and exhausted remedies under Section 154(3) CrPC, the Magistrate is competent to direct FIR registration if allegations disclose cognizable offence — Such an order is not without jurisdiction and not vitiated on this count, but it is a procedural irregularity.
Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 170(3) — Proviso — Readjustment of seats in Legislative Assemblies — Constitutional bar on readjustment of seats in State Legislative Assemblies until publication of census data after 2026 — Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014, Section 26 — Increase in seats subject to Article 170(3) — Petitioners’ claim for delimitation in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana dismissed as it contravened constitutional mandate.
Constitution
Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 170(3) — Proviso — Readjustment of seats in Legislative Assemblies — Constitutional bar on readjustment of seats in State Legislative Assemblies until publication of census data after 2026 — Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014, Section 26 — Increase in seats subject to Article 170(3) — Petitioners’ claim for delimitation in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana dismissed as it contravened constitutional mandate.
Labour Cases

Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 — Section 25-O — Procedure for closing down an undertaking — Right to close down business is integral to right to carry on business under Article 19(1)(g) but subject to reasonable restrictions — Section 25-O provides a detailed procedure for obtaining prior permission for closure — Appropriate Government must conduct an enquiry and grant a hearing before passing a reasoned order — If no order is communicated within 60 days, permission is deemed to be granted.

Jun 8, 2025 sclaw

2025 INSC 801 SUPREME COURT OF INDIA DIVISION BENCH HARINAGAR SUGAR MILLS LTD. (BISCUIT DIVISION) AND ANOTHER Vs. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA AND OTHERS ( Before : Sanjay Karol and Prashant…

Evidence Act

Criminal Law — Circumstantial Evidence — Admitted Facts — Cause of death by gunshot from a specific weapon in appellant’s home undisputed — Appellant admitted removing the body and cleaning the scene — Discovery of articles linked to the incident from appellant’s disclosure relevant for Section 201 IPC.

Jun 8, 2025 sclaw

2025 INSC 800 SUPREME COURT OF INDIA DIVISION BENCH VAIBHAV Vs. THE STATE OF MAHARASHTRA ( Before : B.V. Nagarathna and Satish Chandra Sharma, JJ. ) Criminal Appeal No. 1643…

I P C

Five golden principles for cases based on circumstantial evidence reiterated: (1) circumstances establishing conclusion of guilt must be fully established; (2) facts established consistent only with hypothesis of guilt; (3) circumstances conclusive in nature; (4) exclude every possible hypothesis except guilt; (5) complete chain of evidence leaving no reasonable ground for innocence

Jun 3, 2025 sclaw

2025 INSC 793 SUPREME COURT OF INDIA DIVISION BENCH CHETAN Vs. THE STATE OF KARNATAKA ( Before : Surya Kant and Nongmeikapam Kotiswar Singh, JJ. ) Criminal Appeal No. 1568…

State Laws

Appellant Trust’s contentions regarding non-demarcation, encroachment, and non-delivery of possession are baseless; demarcation was done and acknowledged, alleged encroachment is not proven by evidence, and delivery of possession was contingent on execution of lease deed, a condition appellant failed to meet — Respondent Corporation’s actions were in accordance with prescribed procedures and allotment terms

Jun 3, 2025 sclaw

2025 INSC 791 SUPREME COURT OF INDIA DIVISION BENCH KAMLA NEHRU MEMORIAL TRUST AND ANOTHER Vs. U.P. STATE INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION LIMITED AND OTHERS ( Before : Surya Kant and…

Environment Municipal Laws

Environmental Law — Public Trust Doctrine — MCGM’s mandate to develop recreational spaces providing legal foundation for project — Prior condition of water body suggested degradation, not functional lake — Completed park providing substantial public benefit, including green space and recreational amenities utilized by community — Post facto sanction restricting land use to recreational purposes providing legal safeguard — Delay in filing petition undermining challenge — Direction to maintain park in perpetuity for public use, explore alternative water body, and restore other deteriorated water bodies by MCGM.

Jun 3, 2025 sclaw

2025 INSC 792 SUPREME COURT OF INDIA DIVISION BENCH MUNICIPAL CORPORATION OF GREATER MUMBAI AND OTHERS Vs. PANKAJ BABULAL KOTECHA AND OTHERS ( Before : Surya Kant and Nongmeikapam Kotiswar…

You missed

G S T

Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 — Section 129 — Detention, seizure and release of goods and conveyances in transit — Show cause notice — Payment of penalty — Obligation to pass final order — Where a show cause notice is issued under Section 129(3) of the CGST Act and the taxable person files objections against the proposed levy, the proper officer is duty-bound to pass a reasoned, speaking order under Section 129(3), even if the penalty is paid. Such an order is crucial for enabling the taxpayer to exercise their statutory right of appeal under Section 107 of the CGST Act.

Jul 27, 2025 sclaw
Cr P C

Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 (CrPC) — Section 174 — Inquiry by Police into cause of unnatural death — Requirement of fair and impartial investigation — Evidence considered — Inconsistencies in CCTV footage, suspicious medical findings, and failure to preserve crucial forensic evidence indicated failures in local investigation.

Jul 27, 2025 sclaw
Cr P C

Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 — Section 156(3) — FIR Registration — Application to Magistrate without approaching Police/SP — While a Magistrate ought not ordinarily entertain an application under Section 156(3) CrPC directly without the informant having availed and exhausted remedies under Section 154(3) CrPC, the Magistrate is competent to direct FIR registration if allegations disclose cognizable offence — Such an order is not without jurisdiction and not vitiated on this count, but it is a procedural irregularity.

Jul 27, 2025 sclaw
Constitution

Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 170(3) — Proviso — Readjustment of seats in Legislative Assemblies — Constitutional bar on readjustment of seats in State Legislative Assemblies until publication of census data after 2026 — Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014, Section 26 — Increase in seats subject to Article 170(3) — Petitioners’ claim for delimitation in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana dismissed as it contravened constitutional mandate.

Jul 27, 2025 sclaw