Supreme Court of India Judgements

47200 Judgements hosted as on 28/04/2026 - Search (FREE), Subscribe, Read & Download

Category: Constitution

Constitution

Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 14 — Equality before law — Dearness Allowance (DA) and Dearness Relief (DR) — Sanctioning different rates of enhancement for DA for serving employees and DR for pensioners, when both are intended to mitigate inflation, is discriminatory and violates Article 14.

Apr 12, 2026 sclaw

2026 INSC 352 SUPREME COURT OF INDIA DIVISION BENCH THE STATE OF KERALA Vs. M. VIJAYAKUMAR AND OTHERS ( Before : Manoj Misra and Prasanna B. Varale, JJ. ) Civil…

Constitution

Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 14 — Public power, allocation of public resources, award of public contracts, execution of public works — State bound to act transparently, fairly, and consistently with equality — Process must withstand objective scrutiny and be free from arbitrariness, favouritism, or undisclosed conflicts of interest — Public confidence in governance requires equality, integrity, and accountability.

Apr 7, 2026 sclaw

2026 INSC 320 SUPREME COURT OF INDIA FULL BENCH SAVE MON REGION FEDERATION AND ANOTHER Vs. THE STATE OF ARUNACHAL PRADESH AND OTHERS ( Before : Vikram Nath, Sandeep Mehta…

Constitution

Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (FEMA) — Section 37A — Seizure of assets — Adjudication proceedings are independent of seizure proceedings — The order of the Competent Authority confirming seizure of equivalent assets continues until the disposal of adjudication proceedings — The Adjudicating Authority then passes appropriate directions regarding further action on the seizure — However, this does not apply to a situation where seizure has not been confirmed.

Apr 6, 2026 sclaw

2026 INSC 309 SUPREME COURT OF INDIA DIVISION BENCH J. SRI NISHA Vs. THE SPECIAL DIRECTOR, ADJUDICATING AUTHORITY, DIRECTORATE OF ENFORCEMENT AND ANOTHER ( Before : Vikram Nath and Sandeep…

Constitution

Constitution of India, 1950 — Articles 14, 15(1), 16, 309 — Relaxation in qualifying examination (TET) marks for reserved category candidates — The provision of relaxation in qualifying marks in TET enables reserved category candidates to enter the zone of consideration and does not affect their inter se merit in the main selection process (TAIT) — Migration to the open category is permissible if recruitment rules do not expressly prohibit it or are silent on the matter — Decisions in Pradeep Kumar and Sajib Roy are distinguishable as they dealt with candidates not fulfilling essential eligibility criteria, unlike in this case where relaxation in TET marks is expressly permitted by NCTE guidelines — The High Court erred in not allowing meritorious reserved category candidates to be considered under the general category — Appeals allowed, impugned judgment set aside.

Mar 24, 2026 sclaw

2026 INSC 277 SUPREME COURT OF INDIA DIVISION BENCH CHAYA AND OTHERS Vs. THE STATE OF MAHARASHTRA AND ANOTHER ( Before : Pamidighantam Sri Narasimha and Alok Aradhe, JJ. )…

Constitution

Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 21 — Right to dignified life — Includes reproductive autonomy and the right to foster a family through adoption — Restricting maternity benefit based on the age of an adopted child infringes upon this right by denying adoptive mothers the opportunity to bond and integrate with their child, compromising both maternal and child welfare.

Mar 18, 2026 sclaw

2026 INSC 246 SUPREME COURT OF INDIA DIVISON BENCH HAMSAANANDINI NANDURI Vs. UNION OF INDIA AND OTHERS ( Before : J.B. Pardiwala and R. Mahadevan, JJ. ) Writ Petition (C)…

Constitution

Coal Allocation and Supply — Dispute regarding supply of coal and compensation for wrongfully suspended supply — Supreme Court clarified that Union of India and SECL were obligated to supply coal at the current price/prevalent policy as of either April 9, 2014, or May 17, 2019, and gave the choice to the Respondent/PIL to select one of these dates for the purpose of determining the current price and prevalent policy for the proposed Fuel Supply Agreement for the suspended period — The Fuel Supply Agreement was to be entered into within four weeks of the Respondent’s choice, with coal supply being on a normal coal linkage basis, not tapering.

Mar 18, 2026 sclaw

2026 INSC 250 SUPREME COURT OF INDIA DIVISON BENCH UNION OF INDIA Vs. PRAKASH INDUSTRIES LIMITED AND ANOTHER ( Before : Pankaj Mithal and S.V.N. Bhatti, JJ. ) Miscellaneous Application…

Constitution

Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 14 — Manifest Arbitrariness — Srimati Radhika Sinha Institute and Sachchidanand Sinha Library (Requisition & Management) Act, 2015 — Held, the Act is manifestly arbitrary and violative of Article 14 as it involves complete vesting of property, dissolution of trust, absence of necessity or mismanagement, illusory compensation, and lack of guiding principles — State’s action was excessive, unreasoned and disproportionate to the stated object of better management and development.

Mar 18, 2026 sclaw

2026 INSC 219 SUPREME COURT OF INDIA DIVISION BENCH ANURAG KRISHNA SINHA Vs. STATE OF BIHAR AND ANOTHER ( Before : Vikram Nath and Sandeep Mehta, JJ. ) Civil Appeal…

Constitution

Constitution of India, 1950 — Article 21 — Right to Life — Includes Right to Health — State has positive obligation to safeguard health and ensure conditions for meaningful life — Absence of uniform policy for compensation for death/injury after vaccination raises constitutional concerns warranting institutional response – COVID-19 Vaccination — Adverse Events Following Immunisation (AEFI) — Compensation — No-fault compensation framework necessary for serious adverse events arising from mass immunization programs to ensure fair and timely redressal and uphold Article 14.

Mar 15, 2026 sclaw

2026 INSC 218 SUPREME COURT OF INDIA DIVISION BENCH RACHANA GANGU AND ANOTHER Vs. UNION OF INDIA AND OTHERS ( Before : Vikram Nath and Sandeep Mehta, JJ. ) Writ…

You missed

Accident

Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 — Section 168 — Just Compensation — Award of compensation for prosthetic limb — No fixed guidelines for compensation amount — Courts can deviate from governmental notifications if they are too low — Emphasis on “restitutio in integrum” principle to restore the claimant as close as possible to their pre-injury state — Claimants are entitled to choose private centres for prosthetic limbs and renewal costs should be considered — Compensation can be awarded for periodic replacement and maintenance of prosthetic limbs.

Apr 28, 2026 sclaw
Service

Dispute over cadre change versus mere transfer — A transfer is a change of posting within the same service without altering seniority or substantive status, differing from a cadre change which involves a structural shift between services with significant implications for seniority and promotional avenues, requiring specific authority.

Apr 28, 2026 sclaw
Evidence Act

Evidence Act, 1872 — Eyewitness testimony vs. Medical evidence — In case of conflict, eyewitness testimony, especially of an injured witness who is found to be reliable and has withstood cross — examination, is generally superior to expert medical opinion formed by an expert witness — Lack of independent witnesses does not automatically compromise the prosecution case, especially when societal realities suggest potential fear or hesitation

Apr 28, 2026 sclaw
Constitution

Protracted Government Inaction and Third — Party Rights — Despite an initial timeline of two months for an inquiry and subsequent hopes for completion within six months, the government showed significant delay, stretching over six years without a final decision — During this period, extensive third — party rights were created through land sales and construction of villas and flats by innocent purchasers — The Court observed that it’s inappropriate for a welfare state to attempt to undo decades — old transactions, especially when innocent citizens have invested their hard — earned money, and basic amenities should not be denied to occupants of constructed properties.

Apr 28, 2026 sclaw