Supreme Court of India Judgements

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Central Civil Services (Revised Pay) Rules, 2008; Seventh Central Pay Commission Recommendations — Non-Functional Upgradation (NFU) to Level 9 — Recommendation 7.4.13 (iv) (b) — Eligibility criteria — Completion of four years in Level 8 on seniority-cum-suitability basis — Interpretation of — Held, denial of NFU on the ground that Junior Engineers did not enter service at Grade Pay of Rs — 4,800/- amounts to adding an additional condition not contemplated by the recommendation. Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (FEMA) — Section 37A — Seizure of assets — Adjudication proceedings are independent of seizure proceedings — The order of the Competent Authority confirming seizure of equivalent assets continues until the disposal of adjudication proceedings — The Adjudicating Authority then passes appropriate directions regarding further action on the seizure — However, this does not apply to a situation where seizure has not been confirmed. Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 — Section 11 — Appointment of Arbitrator — Scope of jurisdiction under Section 11 is confined to existence of an arbitration agreement — Issue of res judicata not considered at Section 11 stage — Principles of Order 23 Rule 1 of CPC apply to proceedings under Section 11 — A fresh application under Section 11 is not maintainable if the earlier application was withdrawn without liberty to file a fresh one. Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 (CrPC) — Section 197(1) — Requirement of sanction for prosecution of public servants — Protection under Section 197(1) applies only to public servants who are not removable from office except by or with the sanction of the government — Subordinate police officers not falling under this category are not entitled to the benefit of this protection, even if the alleged offence was committed while acting or purporting to act in the discharge of official duty. Service Law — Dismissal from Service — Disciplinary Proceedings — Violation of Natural Justice — Requirement of Oral Enquiry — Employer’s Burden of Proof — The Apex Court held that unless the charged employee clearly admits guilt, a disciplinary enquiry must be held — The employer must first present evidence and witnesses, allowing the employee to cross-examine — Only then should the employee be given an opportunity to present their defense — The Court emphasized that relying solely on documents without examining witnesses or making them available for cross-examination when charges are denied, vitiates the enquiry.
Service

Central Civil Services (Revised Pay) Rules, 2008; Seventh Central Pay Commission Recommendations — Non-Functional Upgradation (NFU) to Level 9 — Recommendation 7.4.13 (iv) (b) — Eligibility criteria — Completion of four years in Level 8 on seniority-cum-suitability basis — Interpretation of — Held, denial of NFU on the ground that Junior Engineers did not enter service at Grade Pay of Rs — 4,800/- amounts to adding an additional condition not contemplated by the recommendation.

Apr 6, 2026 sclaw
Constitution

Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (FEMA) — Section 37A — Seizure of assets — Adjudication proceedings are independent of seizure proceedings — The order of the Competent Authority confirming seizure of equivalent assets continues until the disposal of adjudication proceedings — The Adjudicating Authority then passes appropriate directions regarding further action on the seizure — However, this does not apply to a situation where seizure has not been confirmed.

Apr 6, 2026 sclaw
Central Civil Services (Revised Pay) Rules, 2008; Seventh Central Pay Commission Recommendations — Non-Functional Upgradation (NFU) to Level 9 — Recommendation 7.4.13 (iv) (b) — Eligibility criteria — Completion of four years in Level 8 on seniority-cum-suitability basis — Interpretation of — Held, denial of NFU on the ground that Junior Engineers did not enter service at Grade Pay of Rs — 4,800/- amounts to adding an additional condition not contemplated by the recommendation.
Service
Central Civil Services (Revised Pay) Rules, 2008; Seventh Central Pay Commission Recommendations — Non-Functional Upgradation (NFU) to Level 9 — Recommendation 7.4.13 (iv) (b) — Eligibility criteria — Completion of four years in Level 8 on seniority-cum-suitability basis — Interpretation of — Held, denial of NFU on the ground that Junior Engineers did not enter service at Grade Pay of Rs — 4,800/- amounts to adding an additional condition not contemplated by the recommendation.
Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (FEMA) — Section 37A — Seizure of assets — Adjudication proceedings are independent of seizure proceedings — The order of the Competent Authority confirming seizure of equivalent assets continues until the disposal of adjudication proceedings — The Adjudicating Authority then passes appropriate directions regarding further action on the seizure — However, this does not apply to a situation where seizure has not been confirmed.
Constitution
Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (FEMA) — Section 37A — Seizure of assets — Adjudication proceedings are independent of seizure proceedings — The order of the Competent Authority confirming seizure of equivalent assets continues until the disposal of adjudication proceedings — The Adjudicating Authority then passes appropriate directions regarding further action on the seizure — However, this does not apply to a situation where seizure has not been confirmed.
Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 — Section 11 — Appointment of Arbitrator — Scope of jurisdiction under Section 11 is confined to existence of an arbitration agreement — Issue of res judicata not considered at Section 11 stage — Principles of Order 23 Rule 1 of CPC apply to proceedings under Section 11 — A fresh application under Section 11 is not maintainable if the earlier application was withdrawn without liberty to file a fresh one.
Arbitration
Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 — Section 11 — Appointment of Arbitrator — Scope of jurisdiction under Section 11 is confined to existence of an arbitration agreement — Issue of res judicata not considered at Section 11 stage — Principles of Order 23 Rule 1 of CPC apply to proceedings under Section 11 — A fresh application under Section 11 is not maintainable if the earlier application was withdrawn without liberty to file a fresh one.
Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 (CrPC) — Section 197(1) — Requirement of sanction for prosecution of public servants — Protection under Section 197(1) applies only to public servants who are not removable from office except by or with the sanction of the government — Subordinate police officers not falling under this category are not entitled to the benefit of this protection, even if the alleged offence was committed while acting or purporting to act in the discharge of official duty.
Cr P C
Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 (CrPC) — Section 197(1) — Requirement of sanction for prosecution of public servants — Protection under Section 197(1) applies only to public servants who are not removable from office except by or with the sanction of the government — Subordinate police officers not falling under this category are not entitled to the benefit of this protection, even if the alleged offence was committed while acting or purporting to act in the discharge of official duty.
Cr P C

Penal Code, 1860 (IPC) – Sections 120-B, 220, 323, 330 348, 506B and 34 – Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 (CrPC) – Sections 197, 245 and 482 – Karnataka Police Act, 1963 – Section 170 – Cognizance of offence – Quashing of proceedings – Want of sanction – Whether sanction is necessary or not may have to be determined at any stage of the proceedings. HELD application under Section 482 of the Criminal Procedure Code is maintainable to quash proceedings which are ex facie bad for want of sanction, frivolous or in abuse of process of court. Proceedings quashed.

Jun 20, 2020 sclaw

  SUPREME COURT OF INDIA DIVISION BENCH D. DEVARAJA — Appellant Vs. OWAIS SABEER HUSSAIN — Respondent ( Before : R. Banumathi and Indira Banerjee, JJ. ) Criminal Appeal No.…

Constitution

IN RE : THE PROPER TREATMENT OF COVID 19 PATIENTS AND DIGNIFIED HANDLING OF DEAD BODIES IN THE HOSPITALS ETC. – HELD Court direct that all States shall also constitute an expert team of Doctors and other experts for inspection, supervision and guidance of Government hospitals and other hospitals dedicated to Covid-19 – Chief Secretary of state to comply, within 7 days.

Jun 20, 2020 sclaw

  SUPREME COURT OF INDIA FULL BENCH IN RE : THE PROPER TREATMENT OF COVID 19 PATIENTS AND DIGNIFIED HANDLING OF DEAD BODIES IN THE HOSPITALS ETC. ( Before :…

Election Laws

Uttar Pradesh Kshettra Panchayat and Zila Panchayat Adhiniyam, 1961 – Section 28(8) – Representation of the People Act, 1951 – Section 94 – Election law – It is a trite position of law that when it comes to the interpretation of statutory provisions relating to election law, jurisprudence on the subject mandates strict construction of the provisions – An election contest is not an action at law or a suit in equity but purely a statutory proceeding, provision for which have to be strictly construed

Jun 20, 2020 sclaw

  SUPREME COURT OF INDIA FULL BENCH LAXMI SINGH AND OTHERS — Appellant Vs. REKHA SINGH AND OTHERS — Respondent ( Before : N.V. Ramana, Sanjiv Khanna and Krishna Murari,…

Cr P C

V IMP – DEFAULT BAIL ::: HELD This Court are of the view that neither this Court in its order dated 23.03.2020 (Extension of Limitation) can be held to have eclipsed the time prescribed under Section 167(2) of Cr.P.C. nor the restrictions which have been imposed during the lockdown announced by the Government shall operate as any restriction on the rights of an accused as protected by Section 167(2) CrPC to get to get a default bail

Jun 20, 2020 sclaw

  SUPREME COURT OF INDIA FULL BENCH S.KASI — Appellant Vs. STATE THROUGH THE INSPECTOR OF POLICE SAMAYNALLUR POLICE STATION MADURAI DISTRICT — Respondent ( Before : Ashok Bhushan, M.R.…

Bail Granted

Penal Code, 1860 (IPC) – Sections 406, 409, 420, 465, 468, 471 and 120B – Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 – Section 13(1)(d) – Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 – Sections 9 and 17 – Bail application – Arguments of threat to national security cannot accept this contention blind fold- In any case, the prosecution is not remedy less, if a person enlarged on bail, indulges in certain activities – BAIL GRANTED

Jun 20, 2020 sclaw

  SUPREME COURT OF INDIA FULL BENCH JINOFER KAWASJI BHUJWALA — Appellant Vs. STATE OF GUJARAT — Respondent ( Before : Ashok Bhushan, M.R. Shah and V. Ramasubramanian, JJ. )…

Juvenile Justice

Death Penalty Cannot Be Imposed By Giving Retrospective Effect To POCSO Amendment To An Offence Committed Prior To Amendment HELD “The punishment of not being released till his last breath is punitive enough to send a signal to the society and it cannot be that only the death sentence can send a right signal”

Jun 17, 2020 sclaw

Death Penalty Cannot Be Imposed By Giving Retrospective Effect To POCSO Amendment To An Offence Committed Prior To Amendment: SC [Read Order] Mehal Jain 17 Jun 2020 12:08 PM “The…

Constitution

SC Allows Woman With Twin Pregnancy To Medically Terminate One Foetus With Down Syndrome HELD Medical board found the foetus suffered from incurable “chromosomal abnormality” and the same is classified in the list of “substantial and serious abnormalities” and no termination of abnormal foetus carries negligible risks to the mother “and is proven extremely safe and large seriies with no maternal deaths”

Jun 17, 2020 sclaw

SC Allows Woman With Twin Pregnancy To Medically Terminate One Foetus With Down Syndrome [Read Order] LIVELAW NEWS NETWORK 17 Jun 2020 9:15 AM The Supreme Court on Tuesday permitted…

Accident

Accident – Rash and negligent driving – Compensation – Enhancement of – Orthopedic Surgeon, deposed that the appellant had suffered nine injuries, of which seven were grievous in nature and she had to undergo two surgeries which left her disabled from doing house work .Whole body disability assessed at 32%. HELD Appeal allowed. High Court for inexplicable reasons opined that it would be reasonable to determine the whole body disability at 20%

Jun 16, 2020 sclaw

  SUPREME COURT OF INDIA FULL BENCH SAVITHA — Appellant Vs. M/S. CHODAMANDALAM M.S. GENERAL INSURANCE CO. LTD. AND OTHERS — Respondent ( Before : R.F. Nariman, Navin Sinha and…

Service Matters
Service

Constitution of India, 1950 – Article 32 and 142 – Appointment – Post of Police Sub-Inspector – Selection and appointment of the 133 candidates are passed in the peculiar background of the litigation starting from the advertisement in the year 2004 and several rounds of litigations during the past fourteen years, in exercise of jurisdiction under Article 142 of the Constitution of India and the same shall not be treated as a precedent.

Jun 13, 2020 sclaw

Docid # IndLawLib/1467956 SUPREME COURT OF INDIA FULL BENCH NIRBHAY KUMAR AND OTHERS — Appellant Vs. STATE OF BIHAR AND OTHERS — Respondent ( Before : Ashok Bhushan, M.R. Shah…

You missed

Service

Central Civil Services (Revised Pay) Rules, 2008; Seventh Central Pay Commission Recommendations — Non-Functional Upgradation (NFU) to Level 9 — Recommendation 7.4.13 (iv) (b) — Eligibility criteria — Completion of four years in Level 8 on seniority-cum-suitability basis — Interpretation of — Held, denial of NFU on the ground that Junior Engineers did not enter service at Grade Pay of Rs — 4,800/- amounts to adding an additional condition not contemplated by the recommendation.

Apr 6, 2026 sclaw
Constitution

Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (FEMA) — Section 37A — Seizure of assets — Adjudication proceedings are independent of seizure proceedings — The order of the Competent Authority confirming seizure of equivalent assets continues until the disposal of adjudication proceedings — The Adjudicating Authority then passes appropriate directions regarding further action on the seizure — However, this does not apply to a situation where seizure has not been confirmed.

Apr 6, 2026 sclaw
Arbitration

Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 — Section 11 — Appointment of Arbitrator — Scope of jurisdiction under Section 11 is confined to existence of an arbitration agreement — Issue of res judicata not considered at Section 11 stage — Principles of Order 23 Rule 1 of CPC apply to proceedings under Section 11 — A fresh application under Section 11 is not maintainable if the earlier application was withdrawn without liberty to file a fresh one.

Apr 6, 2026 sclaw
Cr P C

Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 (CrPC) — Section 197(1) — Requirement of sanction for prosecution of public servants — Protection under Section 197(1) applies only to public servants who are not removable from office except by or with the sanction of the government — Subordinate police officers not falling under this category are not entitled to the benefit of this protection, even if the alleged offence was committed while acting or purporting to act in the discharge of official duty.

Apr 5, 2026 sclaw