Supreme Court of India Judgements

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Category: Cr P C

Cr P C

(CrPC) – Section 482 – Quashing of criminal proceedings – Family dispute — looking to the relationship between the appellants and the original complainant of son, grandson and the mother/grandmother – Criminal proceedings against the appellants would not be in the larger interest of the parties – Criminal proceedings quashed – Appeal allowed.

Mar 26, 2023 sclaw

SUPREME COURT OF INDIA DIVISION BENCH HEMANTBHAI BALVANTBHAI PATEL AND ANOTHER — Appellant Vs. THE STATE OF GUJARAT AND ANOTHER — Respondent ( Before : M.R. Shah and Krishna Murari,…

Cr P C

(CrPC) – Section 482 – – howsoever well intentioned, cannot be permitted to be operated in utter disregard of the well-recognized judicial principles governing uniform application of law – Unwarranted judicial activism may cause uncertainty or confusion not only in the mind of the authorities but also in the mind of the litigants.

Mar 22, 2023 sclaw

SUPREME COURT OF INDIA DIVISION BENCH CARDINAL MAR GEORGE ALENCHERRY — Appellant Vs. STATE OF KERALA AND ANOTHER — Respondent ( Before : Dinesh Maheshwari and Bela M. Trivedi, JJ.…

Cr P C

CrPC, Sec 406, – Article 139A of the Constitution – Order 39 of the Supreme Court Rules, 2013 – HELD phrase party interested under Section 406(2) of the CrPC, the Petitioner, being the real brother of the Deceased, is vitally interested in a fair trial – challenge to the locus standi of the Petitioner is thus rejected. there is no legal necessity to transfer the trial outside the State of West Bengal and the apprehensions of the Petitioner, some of which are indeed genuine, can be effectively redressed by issuing appropriate directions.

Mar 19, 2023 sclaw

SUPREME COURT OF INDIA DIVISION BENCH AFJAL ALI SHA @ ABJAL SHAUKAT SHA — Appellant Vs. STATE OF WEST BENGAL AND OTHERS — Respondent ( Before : Surya Kant and…

Cr P C

(CrPC) – Section 482 – Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 – Section 18(c) and 27(b)(ii) – Drugs and Cosmetics Rules, 1945 – Rule 123 – Sanctioning authority had not examined at all whether a practising doctor could be prosecuted under the facts of the case, considering the small quantity of the drugs and the exception created in favour of medical practitioner under Rule 123, read with the Schedule “K” – Criminal proceedings is quashed

Mar 19, 2023 sclaw

SUPREME COURT OF INDIA DIVISION BENCH S. ATHILAKSHMI — Appellant Vs. THE STATE REP. BY THE DRUGS INSPECTOR — Respondent ( Before : Krishna Murari and Sudhanshu Dhulia, JJ. )…

Cr P C

(CrPC) – Section 173(8) – Endeavor of the Court should be to have the fair investigation and fair trial only – mere filing of the chargesheet and framing of the charges cannot be an impediment in ordering further investigation / re-investigation / de novo investigation, if the facts so warrant

Mar 2, 2023 sclaw

SUPREME COURT OF INDIA DIVISION BENCH ANANT THANUR KARMUSE — Appellant Vs. THE STATE OF MAHARASHTRA AND OTHERS — Respondent ( Before : M.R. Shah and C.T. Ravikumar, JJ. )…

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Service

Cochin University of Science and Technology Act, 1986 — Section 31(10) and 31(11) — Selection and Appointment — Validity of Rank List and Communal Rotation — Harmonious Construction — Section 31(10) stipulates that the Rank List remains valid for two years, and vacancies arising during this period “shall be filled up from the list so published” — Section 31(11) mandates that “Communal rotation shall be followed category-wise” — These sub-sections operate in distinct spheres but are not mutually exclusive; the Rank List’s validity period (Sub-sec 10) co-exists with the mandatory application of communal rotation (Sub-sec 11) for every appointment made therefrom — Interpreting Sub-section (11) as becoming operative only after the Rank List expires would render the reservation/rotation requirement otiose during the list’s validity, defeating legislative intent and violating the doctrine of harmonious construction. (Paras 5, 5.2, 5.4, 5.5, 5.5.1, 5.5.2

Dec 19, 2025 sclaw
Acquittal I P C

Penal Code, 1860 (IPC) —Section 302 read with Sections 149 and 148 — Murder —Conviction affirmed by High Court — Appeal to Supreme Court — Sufficiency of evidence — Role of interested/related witnesses — Deposition of PW-4 (mother of deceased and alleged eyewitness) scrutinized closely — Material contradictions found in PW-4’s evidence regarding the manner of assault and who informed her — Failure of prosecution to examine key witness (deceased’s granddaughter, who initially informed PW-4) — Independent witnesses (PW-1, PW-2, PW-3 and PW-9) turned hostile — Recovery of weapons based on accused’s memorandum/statement rendered unreliable when supporting witnesses hostile. (Paras 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15)

Dec 19, 2025 sclaw
Constitution

Employees’ State Insurance Act, 1948 — Section 45A — Determination of contributions in certain cases — Preconditions for invoking Section 45A — Section 45A is a special provision for best-judgment assessment applicable only when an employer fails to submit, furnish, or maintain returns, particulars, registers, or records as required by Section 44, OR obstructs an Inspector or official in discharging duties under Section 45 — It is not an alternative mode of assessment available at the option of the Corporation — When records (ledgers, cash books, vouchers, etc.) are produced and the employer cooperates by attending multiple personal hearings, the mere allegation of inadequacy or deficiency of supporting documents does not satisfy the statutory threshold of “non-production” or “obstruction” to invoke Section 45A — Mere inadequacy of records does not confer jurisdiction under Section 45A. (Paras 14.6, 14.7, 24, 25, 27, 30)

Dec 19, 2025 sclaw
Tenders & Contracts

Tender and Contract — Eligibility Criteria — Interpretation of “prime contractor” and “in the same name and style” — Requirement of work experience — Where an NIT’s pre-qualification document requires “each prime contractor in the same name and style (tenderer)” to have completed previous work, and the term “prime contractor” is undefined, its meaning must be derived from common parlance as the tenderer primarily responsible for the contract offer; however, the requirement must be construed from the standpoint of a prudent businessman, considering the credentials and capacity to execute the work, not merely the name. (Paras 17, 20, 21.3)

Dec 19, 2025 sclaw