Supreme Court of India Judgements

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Category: Evidence Act

Evidence Act

Evidence Law–Extra Judicial confession–Circumstantial evidence–An extra judicial confession is, on the face of it, a weak piece of evidence and the Courts are reluctant in the absence of a chain of cogent circumstances to rely on this evidence for the purpose of recording a conviction–Evidence Act, 1872, Section 3 and 24.

Dec 26, 2018 sclaw

2009(1) LAW HERALD (SC) 11 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA Before The Hon’ble Mr. Justice Dalveer Bhandari The Hon’ble Mr. Justice Harjit Singh Bedi Criminal Appeal No. 377 of…

Evidence Act

Evidence Act, 1872-Extra Judicial Confession—Law does not require that the evidence of an extra-judicial confession should in all cases be corroborated—The rule of prudence does not require that each and every circumstance mentioned in the confession must be separately and independently corroborated.

Dec 20, 2018 sclaw

2018(4) Law Herald (SC) 2916 : 2018 LawHerald.Org 1758 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA Before Hon’ble Mrs. Justice R. Barmmathi Hon’ble Mrs. Justice Indira Banerjee Criminal Appeal No. 576…

Evidence Act

Evidence Act, 1872, S. 35–Juvenile Justice (Care & Protection of Children) Act, 2000, S. 68–Juvenile Justice (Care & Protection of Children) Rules 2001, R. 22–Age of Juvenile–Determination of age–An entry in a school register may not be a public document and, thus, must be proved in accordance with law–Medical opinion rendered in this case corroborates the entry made in the Admission register of the school ,having been proved in accordance with law, no reason as to why the same should not be taken into consideration–No infirmity in the order passed by the High Court.                                                    

Dec 14, 2018 sclaw

2010(1) LAW HERALD (SC) 732 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA Before The Hon’ble Mr. Justice S.B. Sinha The Hon’ble Mr. Justice Cyriac Joseph Criminal Appeal No. 909 of 2009…

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Constitution

Constitution of India, 1950 — Articles 21, 32, 14, 142 — Prisoners, rights of — Elderly and terminally ill convicts — Continued incarceration despite advanced age (above 70 years) or terminal illness — Held, imprisonment does not suspend constitutional guarantees of dignity and humane treatment — Right to life under Art. 21 continues in custody and extends to protection from cruel, inhuman or degrading punishment — NALSA’s nationwide Special Campaign identifying 5,393 vulnerable prisoners, including 11 terminally ill and 84 above 70 years across 17 States and 1 Union Territory, disclosed systemic gap between executive policy and ground-level implementation — Continued detention causing avoidable suffering held constitutionally impermissible — Supreme Court, invoking Arts. 32 and 142, directed States/UTs to formulate uniform compassionate-release policy.

Jul 19, 2026 sclaw
I P C

Penal Code, 1860 (IPC) — Section 294(b) — Obscenity — Distinction between “obscene” and “abusive”/”vulgar” language — Test of — Held, to attract S. 294(b) IPC, prosecution must prove: (i) an obscene act done, or obscene word/song/ballad uttered, in or near a public place; and (ii) such act/utterance caused annoyance to others — Word “obscene” undefined under IPC but judicially construed, in the context of S. 292 IPC, to mean material which, taken as a whole, is lascivious, appeals to prurient interest, and tends to deprave and corrupt persons likely to be exposed to it — “Community standard test” (Aveek Sarkar) applicable, not the Hicklin test — Mere vulgarity, abuse or profanity, however distasteful, uncivil or shocking, does not ipso facto constitute obscenity — Vulgarity may evoke disgust or revulsion but lacks the depraving/corrupting tendency essential to obscenity — Appellant’s utterance of abusive and expletive-laden words against complainant during a quarrel, though coarse and offensive, held neither lascivious nor appealing to prurient interest nor shown to have caused annoyance to others in the public place — Conviction under S. 294(b) IPC set aside.

Jul 19, 2026 sclaw
Railways Act

Railways Act, 1989 — Sections 123(c)(2) and 124A — Compensation on account of untoward incidents — ‘No-fault’ liability — Accidental falling of a passenger from a running train constitutes an “untoward incident” — Liability under S. 124A arises irrespective of wrongful act, neglect or default of the Railway Administration, subject only to statutory exceptions such as suicide, self-inflicted injury or the passenger’s own criminal act — Provision held to be beneficial and welfare-oriented in nature.

Jul 19, 2026 sclaw
I B C

Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 — Section 31 — ‘Clean slate’ doctrine — Effect of approved Resolution Plan on claims — Upon approval under S. 31(1), claims provided in the Plan stand frozen and are binding on the Corporate Debtor and all stakeholders — Claims not incorporated in the Plan stand extinguished, withdrawn or abated — Resolution Applicant entitled to commence operations free from unforeseen liabilities — Ghanashyam Mishra & Sons v. Edelweiss ARC, (2021) 9 SCC 657, followed.

Jul 19, 2026 sclaw